Charged air bypass for aftertreatment combustion air supply

ABSTRACT

An engine system includes an engine, an intake fluid system, and an exhaust fluid system. Furthermore, the engine system includes a turbocharger device including a compressor member in operative communication with the intake fluid stream and an energy supply member in operative communication with the exhaust stream to be actuated thereby. The energy supply member transfers energy to the compressor member, and the compressor member supplies a compressed fluid stream to the engine. Moreover, the engine system includes an aftertreatment device in operative communication with the exhaust stream to treat the exhaust stream. The engine system additionally includes a bypass fluid system that bypasses the internal combustion engine. The bypass fluid system supplies the portion of the compressed fluid stream to the aftertreatment device.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to an exhaust system and, moreparticularly, relates to a charged air bypass for an aftertreatmentcombustion air supply.

BACKGROUND

The statements in this section merely provide background informationrelated to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

Vehicles can include aftertreatment devices for treating exhaustproduced by an internal combustion engine. For instance, many vehiclesinclude a diesel particulate filter that collects materials (e.g., soot)from the exhaust stream before being emitted from the vehicle, and thesevehicles often include a burner that ignites injected fuel in order toreduce the collected materials. Also, some vehicles include ahydrocarbon injector (e.g., flame reformer, urea injector) that injectshydrocarbons into the exhaust stream in order to reduce undesirablesubstances, such as NOx, before the exhaust stream is emitted from thevehicle.

These aftertreatment devices typically receive air from an air supply inorder to function. For instance, burners receive air that is used toignite fuel for reducing materials collected by an associatedparticulate filter. In most conventional systems, a pump is used tosupply air to the aftertreatment device. This pump can be driven by theengine, or the pump can be independently driven.

These conventional aftertreatment air supply systems can be relativelycomplex and can include a substantial number of components. Furthermore,the components can take up a substantial amount of space and can,therefore, be difficult to integrate into the vehicle. Additionally,these conventional air supply systems can cause parasitic losses to theengine system, which can reduce the efficiency of the engine system.

SUMMARY

An engine system for a vehicle is disclosed. The vehicle includes aninternal combustion engine, an intake fluid system that receives anintake fluid stream, and an exhaust fluid system that receives anexhaust stream from the engine. The vehicle also includes a turbochargerdevice including a compressor member that supplies a compressed fluidstream to the internal combustion engine and an energy supply memberactuated by the exhaust stream. The vehicle further includes anaftertreatment device in operative communication with the exhaust streamto treat the exhaust stream. The engine system has a bypass fluid systemthat bypasses the internal combustion engine and includes an upstreamend and a downstream end. The upstream end receives a portion of thecompressed fluid stream from the compressor member, and the downstreamend is in fluid communication with the exhaust fluid system downstreamfrom the energy supply member. The bypass fluid system supplies theportion of the compressed fluid stream to the aftertreatment device.

In another aspect, an engine system for a vehicle is disclosed. Theengine system includes an internal combustion engine and an intake fluidsystem that receives an intake fluid stream. The engine system furtherincludes an exhaust fluid system that receives an exhaust stream fromthe engine. Furthermore, the engine system includes a turbochargerdevice including a compressor member in operative communication with theintake fluid stream and an energy supply member in operativecommunication with the exhaust stream to be actuated thereby. The energysupply member transfers energy to the compressor member, the compressormember supplies a compressed fluid stream to the internal combustionengine. Moreover, the engine system includes an aftertreatment device inoperative communication with the exhaust stream to treat the exhauststream. The engine system additionally includes a bypass fluid systemthat bypasses the internal combustion engine and that includes anupstream end and a downstream end. The upstream end receives a portionof the compressed fluid stream from the compressor member, and thedownstream end is in fluid communication with the exhaust fluid systemdownstream from the energy supply member. The bypass fluid systemsupplies the portion of the compressed fluid stream to theaftertreatment device.

In still another aspect, a method of directing flow through an enginesystem is disclosed. The engine system includes an internal combustionengine, an intake fluid system, an exhaust fluid system, a turbochargerdevice including a compressor member and an energy supply member, anaftertreatment device, and a bypass fluid system that bypasses theinternal combustion engine. The method includes receiving an intakefluid stream via the intake fluid system, receiving an exhaust streamfrom the engine via the exhaust fluid system, and actuating the energysupply member of the turbocharger device via the exhaust stream. Themethod also includes transferring energy from the energy supply memberto the compressor member so as to supply a compressed fluid stream tothe internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the method includesproviding the aftertreatment device in operative communication with theexhaust stream and receiving a portion of the compressed fluid streamvia the bypass fluid system. Additionally, the method includes directingflow of the portion of the compressed fluid stream through the bypassfluid system downstream from the energy supply member and to theaftertreatment device.

In a further aspect, an engine system for a vehicle is disclosed. Theengine system includes an internal combustion engine, an intake fluidsystem that receives an intake fluid stream, and an exhaust fluid systemthat receives an exhaust stream from the engine. The engine system alsoincludes a turbocharger device including a compressor member inoperative communication with the intake fluid stream and an energysupply member in operative communication with the exhaust stream to beactuated thereby. The energy supply member transfers energy to thecompressor member, and the compressor member supplies a compressed fluidstream to the internal combustion engine. The engine system additionallyincludes a fluid cooler operatively coupled to the intake fluid systemdownstream of the compressor member to reduce a temperature of thecompressed fluid stream. Moreover, the engine system includes anaftertreatment device in operative communication with the exhaust streamto treat the exhaust stream. The aftertreatment device includes a burnerthat reduces materials collected from the exhaust stream and/or ahydrocarbon injector that injects a hydrocarbon into the exhaust stream.The engine system further includes a controller and a bypass fluidsystem including an upstream end, a downstream end, and a bypass valve.The upstream end receives a portion of the compressed fluid stream fromthe turbocharger device, and the downstream end in fluid communicationwith the exhaust fluid system downstream from the energy supply member.The bypass fluid system supplies the portion of the compressed fluidstream to the aftertreatment device. Furthermore, the controller changesa configuration of the bypass valve to selectively change flow throughthe bypass fluid system.

Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the descriptionprovided herein. It should be understood that the description andspecific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle having an engine systemaccording to the teachings of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating the enginesystem of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle with another embodiment ofthe engine system according to the teachings of the present disclosure;and

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating the enginesystem of FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is notintended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. Itshould be understood that throughout the drawings, correspondingreference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, a vehicle 10 is illustrated having anengine system 12 according to various embodiments of the presentdisclosure. The engine system 12 includes an internal combustion engine14. The internal combustion engine 14 can be of any suitable type, suchas a diesel engine, a gasoline-powered engine, etc.

The engine system 12 further includes an intake fluid system, generallyindicated at 16, and an exhaust fluid system, generally indicated at 18.As will be explained, the intake fluid system 16 generally receives anintake fluid stream 20 from outside the vehicle 10, and the exhaustfluid system 18 generally receives an exhaust stream 22 from the engine14. In other words, the intake fluid stream 20 passes through the intakefluid system 16 to the engine 14. The engine 14 produces the exhauststream 22 as a product of combustion of fuel, and the exhaust stream 22flows through the exhaust fluid system 18 and is emitted from thevehicle 10. It will be appreciated that the intake and exhaust fluidsystem 16, 18 can include a plurality of hollow pipes, passages, and thelike for directing flow of the respective fluids.

Furthermore, the engine system 12 includes a turbocharger device 24. Theturbocharger device 24 can be of any suitable known type. In someembodiments, the turbocharger device 24 includes a compressor member 26,an energy supply member 28, and a coupling member 30. In someembodiments, the compressor member 26 is in operative communication withthe intake fluid stream 20, and the energy supply member is in operativecommunication with the exhaust stream 22. More specifically, in someembodiments, the compressor member 26 is disposed within the intakefluid system 16, and the energy supply member 28 is disposed in theexhaust fluid system 18. The energy supply member 28 and the compressormember 26 can be fixed to the coupling member 30, and the turbochargerdevice 24 can be supported for rotation relative to the intake andexhaust fluid systems 16, 18. Additionally, the compressor member 26 andthe energy supply member 28 can each include a plurality of fins. Inoperation, as the intake fluid stream 20 flows through the intake fluidsystem 16, the flow of the intake fluid stream is compressed by thecompressor member 26, such that the compressor member 26 supplies acompressed fluid stream 32 to the engine 14. Also, flow of the exhauststream 22 drivingly rotates the energy supply member 28, and this energyof rotation is transferred to the compressor member 26 via the couplingmember 30. It will be appreciated that the turbocharger device 24 allowsfor a greater amount of air/fuel mixture to enter into the cylinders ofthe engine 14 to improve the efficiency of the engine 14.

The engine system 12 can also include a fluid cooler 33. The fluidcooler 33 can be operatively coupled to the intake fluid system 16downstream of the compressor member 26 of the turbocharger device 24. Inoperation, the fluid cooler 33 reduces temperature of the compressedfluid stream 32 before entering the engine 14. It will be appreciatedthat the fluid cooler 33 can be of any suitable known type.

Additionally, the engine system 12 can include an aftertreatment device34. The aftertreatment device 34 can be in operative communication withthe exhaust stream 22. In other words, the aftertreatment device 34 canbe in fluid communication with the exhaust stream 22 and disposed withinthe exhaust fluid system 18. It will be appreciated that theaftertreatment device 34 can be of any suitable type for receiving atleast a portion of the exhaust stream 22 and treating the exhaust stream22, such as a diesel particulate filter, a hydrocarbon injector, etc.

In some embodiments represented by FIG. 1, the aftertreatment device 34includes a diesel particulate filter 36 that filters particulate (i.e.,soot) from the exhaust stream 22 before the exhaust stream 22 is emittedfrom the vehicle 10. The diesel particulate filter 36 can also include aburner 38 and an injector 40. At predetermined times, the injector 40injects fuel, and the burner 38 ignites the fuel injected from theinjector 40, and the particulate matter collected by the dieselparticulate filter 36 is reduced in a process known as “regeneration.”However, it will be appreciated that the aftertreatment device 34 can beof any suitable type for treating (e.g., reducing undesirable matter)from the exhaust stream 22.

The engine system 12 additionally includes a bypass fluid system 42.Like the intake and exhaust fluid systems 16, 18, the bypass fluidsystem 42 can include a plurality of pipes, passages, etc. The bypassfluid system provides fluid communication between the intake fluidsystem 16 and the exhaust fluid system 18 and bypasses the internalcombustion engine 14. Furthermore, the bypass fluid system 42 includesan upstream end 44 and a downstream end 46. The upstream end 44 receivesa portion of the compressed fluid stream 32 from the compressor member26 of the turbocharger device 24, and the downstream end 46 is in fluidcommunication with the exhaust fluid system 18 downstream from theenergy supply member 28 of the turbocharger device 24. As will beexplained, the bypass fluid system 42 supplies the aftertreatment device34 with the portion of compressed fluid stream 32 from the intake fluidsystem 16.

The bypass fluid system 42 can include a bypass valve 48. The bypassvalve 48 can be of any suitable type for selectively changing flowbehavior through the bypass fluid system 42. Also, the bypass valve 48can be disposed in any suitable position relative to the bypass fluidsystem 42.

Moreover, the engine system 12 can include a controller 50. Thecontroller 50 can include circuitry, programmed logic, computer memory,and the like for changing a configuration of the bypass valve 48 (e.g.,changing the position of the valve 48). The controller 50 can be incommunication with the bypass valve 48 and the aftertreatment device 34.As will be explained in greater detail, the controller 50 can change theconfiguration (e.g., the position) of the bypass valve 48 based on apredetermined operation schedule of the aftertreatment device 34.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a method 52 of operating the engine system 12and directing fluid through the engine system 12 is illustrated. Themethod begins in decision block 54, wherein it is determined whetherconditions are met for regeneration of the diesel particulate filter 36.In other words, decision block 54 involves determining whether thepredetermined operation schedule calls for a regeneration of the dieselparticulate filter 36. It will be appreciated that the predeterminedoperation schedule can call for regeneration under any suitable vehicleconditions. For instance, the predetermined operation schedule can callfor regeneration after a certain amount of miles have been driven, oncepressure detected downstream of the aftertreatment device 34 is above apredetermined threshold, or the like.

If decision block 54 is answered in the negative, the method 52 loopsback to the start of the method 52. However, if decision block 54 isanswered in the affirmative, step 56 follows.

In step 56, the controller 50 transmits a signal causing the bypassvalve 48 to move from a substantially closed position to an openposition to begin flow through the bypass fluid system 42 to theaftertreatment device 34.

Then, in step 58, regeneration of the diesel particulate filter 36occurs. More specifically, the injector 40 injects a fuel into the fluidprovided by the bypass fluid system 42, and the burner 38 ignites theair/fuel mixture to reduce particulate collected by the dieselparticulate filter 36. It will be appreciated that the bypass fluidsystem 42 could provide fluid to the burner 38 in combination with theexhaust fluid system 18, or the bypass fluid system 42 could providefluid to the burner 38 independent of the exhaust fluid system 18 toenable regeneration of the aftertreatment device 34.

Then, in step 60, the controller 50 transmits a signal, which causes thebypass valve 48 to move from the open position to the substantiallyclosed position to substantially stop flow through the bypass fluidsystem 42. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the controller 50controls the configuration and position of the bypass valve 48 such thatflow through the bypass fluid system 42 is intermittent and such thatflow through the bypass fluid system 42 occurs according to thepredetermined regeneration schedule of the diesel particulate filter 36.

It will also be appreciated that the upstream end 44 of the bypass fluidsystem 42 is downstream from the fluid cooler 33. As such, thecompressed fluid stream 32 flowing through the bypass fluid system 42 issubstantially cooled by the fluid cooler 33. Accordingly, overheatingand malfunction of the injector 40 is less likely.

Referring now to FIG. 3, an engine system 112 of a vehicle 110 accordingto various other embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.It will be appreciated that the engine system 112 is substantiallysimilar to the engine system 12 of FIGS. 1 and 2. It will also beappreciated that like components are indicated with like numeralsincreased by 100.

The engine system 112 includes a bypass fluid system 142 with anupstream end 144 and a downstream end 146. The upstream end 144 of thebypass fluid system 142 is in fluid communication with the intake fluidsystem 116 upstream of the cooler 133.

Also, in some embodiments, the engine system 112 includes andaftertreatment device 134, such as a hydrocarbon injector 137 (e.g.,flame reformer, urea injector). The hydrocarbon injector 137 can be ofany suitable known type for injecting hydrocarbons into the exhauststream 122 for reducing NOx emitted by the engine system 112.

Furthermore, the engine system 112 can include an emissions sensor 139that detects an amount of an emission substance in the exhaust stream122. It will be appreciated that the emissions sensor 139 can be of anysuitable known type, such as an NOx sensor that detects an amount of NOxin the exhaust stream 122. The controller 150 is in communication withthe bypass valve 148, the aftertreatment device 134, and the emissionssensor 139. As will be described below, the controller 150 changes theconfiguration (e.g., the position) of the bypass valve 148 based on theamount of the emissions detected by the emissions sensor 139.

Referring now to FIG. 4, a method 170 for controlling the engine system112 and directing flow through the engine system 112 is illustrated. Themethod 170 begins in step 172, in which the emissions sensor 139 detectsthe level of NOx. Then, in step 172, the controller 150 calculates adesired position of the bypass valve 148 based on the level of NOxdetected by the emissions sensor 139.

Next, in step 176, the controller 150 transmits a signal to change theposition of the bypass valve 148 to match the desired position of thebypass valve 148 calculated in step 174. In some embodiments, theposition of the bypass valve 148 is changed in step 176 between apartially closed position and a fully open position. As such, flow ismaintained substantially continuous, but the flow rate is changedthrough the bypass fluid system 142 in step 176. In other words, flowrate through the bypass fluid system 142 varies as a function of the NOxoutput of the engine 114, and the emissions sensor 139 provides feedbackto the bypass valve 148 to adjust the amount of fluid flow through thebypass valve 148 to the hydrocarbon injector 137.

In some embodiments represented in FIG. 3, the upstream end 144 of thebypass fluid system 142 is in fluid communication with the intake fluidsystem 116 upstream of the fluid cooler 133 and downstream of thecompressor member 126 of the turbocharger device 124. In this case,fluid flowing through the bypass fluid system 142 is not cooled by thefluid cooler 133 for improved performance of the aftertreatment device134.

Thus, the engine system 12, 112, includes a bypass fluid system 42, 142for supplying air to the aftertreatment device 34, 134. It will beappreciated that the bypass fluid system 42, 142 supplies air to theaftertreatment device 34, 134 without the need of an independent airsupply system or an air supply system that is driven by the engine 14,114. Thus, the engine system 112 can be less complex, can include lesscomponents, can be easier to integrate into the vehicle 10, 110, and canimprove efficiency as compared to prior art engine systems.

Furthermore, the foregoing discussion discloses and describes merelyexemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled in the artwill readily recognize from such discussion, and from the accompanyingdrawings and claims, that various changes, modifications and variationsmay be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of thedisclosure as defined in the following claims.

1. An engine system for a vehicle comprising: an internal combustionengine; an intake fluid system that receives an intake fluid stream; anexhaust fluid system that receives an exhaust stream from the engine; aturbocharger device including a compressor member in operativecommunication with the intake fluid stream and an energy supply memberin operative communication with the exhaust stream to be actuatedthereby, the energy supply member transferring energy to the compressormember, the compressor member supplying a compressed fluid stream to theinternal combustion engine; a fluid cooler operatively coupled to theintake fluid system downstream of the compressor member to reduce atemperature of the compressed fluid stream; a hydrocarbon injector inoperative communication with the exhaust stream to treat the exhauststream; a controller; and a bypass fluid system including an upstreamend, a downstream end, and a bypass valve, the upstream end receiving aportion of the compressed fluid stream from the turbocharger device, thedownstream end in fluid communication with the exhaust fluid systemdownstream from the energy supply member and upstream from thehydrocarbon injector, the bypass fluid system portion of the compressedfluid stream being mixed with the exhaust stream prior to entering thehydrocarbon injector, the controller changing a configuration of thebypass valve to selectively change flow through the bypass fluid system.2. The engine system of claim 1, further comprising an emissions sensorthat detects an amount of an emission substance in the exhaust stream,and wherein the controller changes the configuration of the valve basedon the amount of the emission substance detected by the emissionssensor.
 3. The engine system of claim 1, wherein the controller changesthe configuration of the valve between a substantially closed positionand an open position so that flow through the bypass fluid system isintermittent.
 4. The engine system of claim 1, wherein the controllerchanges the configuration of the valve between a partially closedposition and an open position so that flow through the bypass fluidsystem is substantially continuous.